2020 Republican Party presidential primaries
February 3 to August 11, 2020
2,550 delegate votes (2,443 pledged and 107 unpledged) to the Republican National Convention[1]
1,276[1] delegates votes needed to win
 
Candidate Donald Trump Bill Weld
Home state Florida[2][a] Massachusetts
Delegate count 2,549[1] 1[1]
Contests won 56[b][c] 0
Popular vote 18,159,752[1] 454,402[1]
Percentage 93.99% 2.35%
First place by first-instance vote
  Donald Trump

Previous Republican nominee

Donald Trump

 Republican nominee

Donald Trump

Presidential primaries and caucuses of the Republican Party took place in many U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories from February 3 to August 11, 2020, to elect most of the 2,550 delegates to send to the Republican National Convention. Delegates to the national convention in other states were elected by the respective state party organizations. The delegates to the national convention voted on the first ballot to select Donald Trump as the Republican Party's nominee for president of the United States in the 2020 election, and selected Mike Pence as the vice-presidential nominee.

President Donald Trump informally launched his bid for reelection on February 18, 2017. He launched his reelection campaign earlier in his presidency than any of his predecessors did. He was followed by former governor of Massachusetts Bill Weld, who announced his campaign on April 15, 2019, and former Illinois congressman Joe Walsh, who declared his candidacy on August 25, 2019. Former governor of South Carolina and U.S. representative Mark Sanford launched a primary challenge on September 8, 2019. In addition, businessman Rocky De La Fuente entered the race on May 16, 2019, but was not widely recognized as a major candidate.

In February 2019, the Republican National Committee voted to provide undivided support to Trump.[5][6] Several states canceled their primaries and caucuses.[7] Other states were encouraged to use "winner-takes-all" or "winner-takes-most" systems to award delegates instead of using proportional allocation.[8][9]

Trump became the presumptive Republican presidential nominee on March 17, 2020, after securing a majority of pledged delegates.[10] Donald Trump received over 18 million votes in the Republican primary, the most ever for an incumbent president in a primary as well as the most for any Republican in a presidential primary.

Primary race overview

Despite his generally high approval ratings and popularity by Republicans throughout his first presidency,[11] numerous pundits, journalists and politicians speculated that President Donald Trump might face a significant Republican primary challenger in 2020 because of his historic unpopularity in polls, his association with allegations of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections, his impeachment, and his support of unpopular policies.[12][13][14] In August 2017, reports arose beginning that members of the Republican Party were preparing a "shadow campaign" against the president, particularly from the moderate or establishment wings of the party. Then-Arizona senator John McCain said, "Republicans see weakness in this president."[15][16] Maine senator Susan Collins, Kentucky senator Rand Paul, and former New Jersey governor Chris Christie all expressed doubts in 2017 that Trump would be the 2020 nominee, with Collins stating "it's too difficult to say."[17][18] Former U.S. senator Jeff Flake claimed in 2017 that Trump was "inviting" a primary challenger by the way he was governing.[19] However, longtime political strategist Roger Stone predicted in May 2018 that Trump might not seek a second term were he to succeed in keeping all his campaign promises and "mak[ing] America great again".[20]

Some prominent Trump critics within the GOP, including 2016 presidential candidate Carly Fiorina,[21] former senator Jeff Flake,[22] and former Massachusetts governor and current U.S. senator Mitt Romney[23] stated they would not run against Trump for the nomination in 2020.

In 2017, there were rumors of a potential bipartisan ticket consisting of Republican Ohio governor and 2016 presidential candidate John Kasich and Democratic Colorado governor John Hickenlooper.[24] Kasich and Hickenlooper denied those rumors.[25][26] In November 2018, however, Kasich asserted that he was "very seriously" considering a White House bid in 2020.[27] In August 2019, he indicated that he did not see a path to win over Trump in a Republican primary at that time, but that his opinion might change in the future.[28]

On January 25, 2019, the Republican National Committee unofficially endorsed Trump.[29]

After re-enrolling as a Republican in January 2019,[30] former Republican governor of Massachusetts and 2016 Libertarian vice presidential nominee Bill Weld announced the formation of a 2020 presidential exploratory committee on February 15, 2019.[31] Weld announced his 2020 presidential candidacy on April 15, 2019.[32] Weld was considered a long-shot challenger because of Trump's popularity with Republicans; furthermore, Weld's views on abortion rights, gay marriage, marijuana legalization, and other issues conflict with socially conservative positions dominant in the modern Republican party.[33] Weld received 1.3% of the vote in the Iowa caucuses and one pledged delegate to the 2020 Republican National Convention on February 3, 2020.[34][35] Weld withdrew from the race on March 18, 2020, after Trump earned enough delegates to secure the nomination.[36]

Former U.S. representative Joe Walsh was a strong Trump supporter in 2016, but gradually became critical of the president. On August 25, 2019, Walsh officially declared his candidacy against Trump, calling Trump an "unfit con man".[37] He then ended his campaign on February 7, 2020, following a poor performance in the Iowa Caucuses. Walsh called the Republican Party a "cult" and said that he likely would support whoever was the Democratic nominee in the general election.[38] According to Walsh, Trump supporters had become "followers" who think that Trump "can do no wrong", after absorbing misinformation from conservative media. He stated, "They don't know what the truth is and—more importantly—they don't care."[39]

Former South Carolina governor and former U.S. representative Mark Sanford officially declared his candidacy on September 8,[40] but suspended his campaign two months later on November 12, 2019, after failing to gain significant attention from voters.[41]

Despite the mostly nominal status of his opposition, Trump campaigned during this primary season, holding rallies in the February primary and Super Tuesday states.[42][43]

The president won every primary by wide margins and clinched the nomination shortly after the Super Tuesday primaries ended. While the results were never in doubt, the primary wasn't without controversy. Several states postponed their primaries/caucuses due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and others continued with in-person voting[44][45][46][47][48] while Trump's claims about fraud related to by-mail voting discouraged expansion and promotion of such voting.[49]

Candidates

Nominee

Republican nominee for the 2020 presidential election
Candidate Born Most recent position Home state Campaign
Announcement date 		Bound
delegates[50] 		Popular
vote[50] 		Contests won Running mate Ref.

Donald Trump 		June 14, 1946
(age 74)
Queens, New York 		President of the United States
(2017–2021) 		Florida[51][d]
Campaign
June 18, 2019
FEC filing
Secured nomination:
March 17, 2020 		2,549
(99.96%)
(floor 2,550) 		18,159,752
(93.99%) 		56
AK, AL, AR, AS, AZ, CA, CO, CT,
DC, DE, FL, GA, GU, HI,[52] IA,[53] ID,
IL, IN, KS,[54] KY, LA, MA, MD, ME,
MI, MN, MO, MP, MS, MT, NC, ND,
NE, NH,[55] NJ, NM, NV,[56] NY,[57] OH, OK,
OR, PA, PR, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX,
UT, VA, VI, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY 		Mike Pence [58]


Other candidates

The people in this section were considered to be major candidates
Candidate Born Most recent position Home state Campaign announced Campaign suspended Campaign Delegates Popular vote[59] Ref.

Bill Weld 		July 31, 1945
(age 75)
Smithtown, New York 		Governor of Massachusetts
(1991–1997) 		Massachusetts April 15, 2019 March 18, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[60]
Campaign
FEC filing 		1
(0.04%)
(floor 0) 		454,402
(2.35%) 		[61][36]

Rocky De La Fuente 		October 10, 1954
(age 65)
San Diego, California 		Businessman and real estate developer California May 16, 2019 August 24, 2020
(ran as Alliance, Reform, and American Independent)
Campaign
FEC filing 		0 108,357
(0.57%) 		[62][63]

Joe Walsh 		December 27, 1961
(age 58)
North Barrington, Illinois 		U.S. Representative from IL-08 (2011–2013) Illinois August 25, 2019 February 7, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[64]
Campaign
FEC filing 		0 173,519
(0.92%) 		[65][66]

Mark Sanford 		May 28, 1960
(age 60)
Fort Lauderdale, Florida 		U.S. Representative from SC-01
(1995–2001, 2013–2019) 		South Carolina September 8, 2019 November 12, 2019
Campaign
FEC filing 		0 4,258
(0.02%) 		[40][41]


Other notable individuals who were not major candidates who suspended their campaigns:

More than 150 individuals who were not major candidates also filed with the Federal Election Commission to run for president in the Republican Party primary.[75]

Declined to be candidates

The individuals in this section had been the subject of the 2020 presidential speculation but publicly said they would not seek the presidency in 2020.

Endorsed Trump

Others

Debates

The Republican National Committee (RNC) did not host any official primary debates. On May 3, 2018, the party voted to eliminate their debate committee, which, according to CNN, served as "a warning to would-be Republican rivals of President Donald Trump about his strong support among party loyalists".[132] Trump declined any interest in participating in any primary debates, saying he was "not looking to give [opponents] any credibility".[133] Debates among the challengers were scheduled without the RNC's involvement.

Business Insider hosted a debate on September 24 featuring two of Trump's primary challengers. It took place at the news outlet's headquarters in New York City, and was hosted by Business Insider's CEO Henry Blodget, politics editor Anthony Fisher, and columnist Linette Lopez.[134] Walsh and Weld agreed to attend, but Sanford had a scheduling conflict and eventually declined.[135][136] An invitation was also sent to the president, but he also declined.[136]

Politicon held a debate between Sanford, Walsh, and Weld on October 26 at its 2019 convention in Nashville, Tennessee,[137] and Forbes also held a debate between the three on October 28 at its Under 30 Summit in Detroit, Michigan.[138]

Both Walsh and Weld took part in a few forums that also featured Democratic candidates.[139][140][141]

Cancellation of state caucuses or primaries

The Washington Examiner reported on December 19, 2018, that the South Carolina Republican Party had not ruled out forgoing a primary contest to protect Trump from any primary challengers. Party chairman Drew McKissick stated, "Considering the fact that the entire party supports the president, we'll end up doing what's in the president's best interest."[142] On January 24, 2019, another Washington Examiner report indicated that the Kansas Republican Party was "likely" to scrap its presidential caucus to "save resources".[143]

In August 2019, the Associated Press reported that the Nevada Republican Party was also contemplating canceling their caucuses, with the state party spokesman, Keith Schipper, saying it "isn't about any kind of conspiracy theory about protecting the president ... He's going to be the nominee ... This is about protecting resources to make sure that the president wins in Nevada and that Republicans up and down the ballot win in 2020."[144]

On September 6, 2019, both of Trump's main challengers at the time, Bill Weld and Joe Walsh, criticized these cancellations as undemocratic.[145] The Trump campaign and GOP officials cited the fact that Republicans canceled several state primaries when George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush sought a second term in 1992 and 2004, respectively; and Democrats scrapped some of their primaries when Bill Clinton and Barack Obama were seeking reelection in 1996 and 2012, respectively.[146][147] Weld and Walsh were joined by Mark Sanford in a joint op-ed in The Washington Post on September 13, 2019, which criticized the party for cancelling those primaries.[148]

Kansas,[149] Nevada and South Carolina's state committees officially voted on September 7, 2019, to cancel their caucus and primary.[7] The Arizona Republican Party indicated two days later that it would not hold a primary.[150] These four were joined by the Alaska Republican Party on September 21, when its central committee announced they would not hold a presidential primary.[151]

Virginia Republicans decided to allocate delegates at the state convention.[152]

The Nevada Republican State committee chairman said the committee would meet on February 23, 2020, and bind their delegates to Trump.[153]

The Hawaii GOP voted to cancel its primary and bind its 19 delegates to Trump on December 11, 2019.[154]

The New York GOP on March 3, 2020, decided to cancel its primary after neither De La Fuente, Weld, nor Walsh submitted the required number of names of their delegates in order to qualify for their ballot.[155] The delegate candidates bound to the president were thus automatically elected.

Other states were instead encouraged to use winner-takes-all systems to award delegates instead of using proportional allocation "to avoid dissent" at the convention.[8]

Timeline

Overview

Nominee Exploratory committee Withdrawn candidate
Midterm elections Iowa caucuses Super Tuesday Republican convention

2017–18

2019

2020

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

Primary and caucus calendar

Some later primary and caucus dates may change depending on legislation passed before the scheduled primary dates.[228] States designated with a "†" indicate that Trump ran unopposed.

Date Total
pledged delegates[229] 		Primaries/caucuses
February 3 40 Iowa caucuses[230]
February 11 22 New Hampshire primary[228]
February 22 25 Nevada state convention
March 3
(Super Tuesday) 		785 50
40
172
37
22
41
39
71
43
58
155
40
17 		Alabama primary
Arkansas primary
California primary
Colorado primary
Maine primary†
Massachusetts primary
Minnesota primary†
North Carolina primary
Oklahoma primary
Tennessee primary
Texas primary
Utah primary
Vermont primary[228]
March 10 242 32
73
40
54
43 		Idaho primary
Michigan primary
Mississippi primary
Missouri primary
Washington primary†[228]
see convention below End of North Dakota caucuses†[209][231]
March 14 9[232] Guam convention[228]
March 15 9[233] Northern Mariana Islands caucus[228]
March 17 189 122
67 		Florida primary
Illinois primary
March 18 9[234] American Samoa caucus[228]
TBD[235] 29 North Dakota state convention[236]
April 2–4 29 Alaska state convention
April 4 – May 30 9[237] Virgin Islands caucuses[228]
April 7 52 Wisconsin primary†[238]
April 9 see convention below End of Arizona caucuses†[239]
April 17 see convention below End of Virginia caucuses†[240]
April 28 82 Ohio primary†[228]
May 1–2 98 48
50 		Virginia state convention†[240]
South Carolina state convention
May 9 86 57
29[241] 		Arizona state convention†[242]
Wyoming state convention[228]
May 12 36 Nebraska primary[228]
May 19 28 Oregon primary[228]
June 2 300 58
38
27
22
88
19
29
19[243] 		Indiana primary
Maryland primary
Montana primary
New Mexico primary†[244]
Pennsylvania primary
Rhode Island primary
South Dakota primary
District of Columbia primary[228]
June 5 23 Puerto Rico caucuses[225]
June 9 111 76
35 		Georgia primary[228][245]
West Virginia primary[228]
June 23 46 Kentucky primary
July 7 65 16
49 		Delaware primary
New Jersey primary†[216]
July 11 46 Louisiana primary[228][246][247][218]
August 11 28 Connecticut primary[248]
Other primaries and caucuses

Election day postponements

Due to the coronavirus outbreak, a number of presidential primaries were rescheduled:

Ballot access

Filing for the Republican primaries began in October 2019. "Yes" means the candidate is on the ballot for the primary contest, and "No" means a candidate is not on the ballot. A “W” indicates a candidate qualified for the ballot but withdrew from the primary, the color indicating if the candidate's name appeared on the ballot (red for not on the ballot, green for on the ballot). States that did not announce candidates who are on the ballot are not included.

State Date Rocky De
La Fuente
(21)[e] 		Donald
Trump
(35) 		Joe
Walsh
(14) 		Bill
Weld
(25) 		Other
(12) 		Ref.
Iowa February 3 No Yes Yes Yes No [257]
New Hampshire February 11 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes[f] [180]
Alabama March 3 W[g] Yes No Yes No [258]
Arkansas March 3 W[h] Yes No Yes No [259]
California March 3 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes[i] [260]
Colorado March 3 W[g] Yes Yes Yes Yes[i] [261]
Maine March 3 No Yes No No No [262]
Massachusetts March 3 Yes Yes Yes Yes No [263][264]
Minnesota March 3 No Yes No No No [265]
North Carolina March 3 No Yes Yes Yes No [266]
Oklahoma March 3 Yes Yes Yes No Yes[j] [267]
Tennessee March 3 No Yes Yes Yes No [268]
Texas March 3 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes[j] [269]
Utah March 3 W[h] Yes Yes Yes Yes[k] [270]
Vermont March 3 Yes Yes No Yes No [174]
Idaho March 10 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes[l] [271]
Michigan March 10 No Yes Yes Yes Yes[m] [272]
Mississippi March 10 Yes Yes No Yes No [273]
Missouri March 10 W[g] Yes Yes Yes Yes[l] [274]
Washington March 10 No Yes No No No [275]
Florida March 17 Yes Yes Yes Yes No [276]
Illinois March 17 Yes Yes No No No [277]
Wisconsin April 7 No Yes No No No [278]
Ohio April 28 No Yes No No No [279]
Nebraska May 12 No Yes No Yes No [280]
Oregon May 19 No Yes No No No
Delaware June 2 Yes Yes No No No [281]
Indiana June 2 No Yes No Yes No [282]
Maryland June 2 No Yes No Yes No [283]
New Mexico June 2 No Yes No No No [284]
Pennsylvania June 2 Yes Yes No Yes No [285]
Rhode Island June 2 Yes Yes No Yes Yes[n] [286]
Georgia June 9 No Yes No No No [287]
West Virginia June 9 Yes Yes No Yes Yes[l] [288]
New Jersey July 7 No Yes No No Yes[l] [289]
Louisiana July 11 Yes Yes No Yes Yes[l] [290]
Connecticut August 11 Yes Yes No W No [291]

National convention

Bids for the Republican National Convention were solicited in the fall of 2017, with finalists being announced early the following spring. On July 18, 2018, Charlotte, North Carolina's Spectrum Center was chosen as the site of the convention.[158]

In June 2020, disagreements with the North Carolina government over COVID-19 social distancing rules caused the major events of the convention, including Trump's acceptance speech, to be moved to VyStar Veterans Memorial Arena in Jacksonville, Florida. Due to contractual obligations, official convention business was still conducted in Charlotte.[292]

Endorsements

Donald Trump

Withdrawn candidates

Joe Walsh

List of Joe Walsh endorsements
Individuals

Bill Weld

List of Bill Weld endorsements
U.S. Executive Branch officials
U.S. Representatives
Governors
Statewide officials
State legislators
Individuals
Party officials
Newspapers

Primary election polling

Rallies

Campaign finance

This is an overview of the money used by each campaign as it is reported to the Federal Election Commission (FEC) and released on February 20, 2020. Totals raised include loans from the candidate and transfers from other campaign committees. The last column, Cash On Hand (COH), shows the remaining cash each campaign had available for its future spending as of January 31, 2020.

  Withdrawn candidate
Candidate Total raised Individual contributions Debt Spent COH
Total Unitemized Pct
Donald Trump[305] $217,716,419 $84,606,549 $45,436,572 53.7% $309,116 $132,721,328 $92,606,794
Roque "Rocky" De La Fuente[306] $15,302,964 $17,253 $4,395 25.5% $15,081,123 $10,472,140 $4,862,891
Mark Sanford[307] $107,485 $94,287 $29,013 30.8% $0 $108,932 -$1,447
Joe Walsh[308] $502,270 $181,467 $24,866 13.7% $315,000 $497,922 $4,348
Bill Weld[309] $1,881,398 $1,602,612 $527,904 32.9% $250,800 $1,863,208 $18,190

Results

See also

National Conventions

Presidential primaries:

Footnotes

  1. Trump's official state of residence was New York in the 2016 presidential election but later changed to Florida, when his permanent residence was switched from Trump Tower to Mar-a-Lago in 2019.
  2. Because Trump was the only candidate to declare for its ballot by the deadline, the Hawaii Republican Party automatically awarded its national pledged delegates to him on December 11, 2019.[3]
  3. Kansas' state committee, at the state convention, passed a resolution binding its delegates to Trump on February 1, 2020.[4]
  4. Trump's official state of residence was New York in the 2016 presidential election but later changed to Florida, when his permanent residence was switched from Trump Tower to Mar-a-Lago in 2019.
  5. Qualified in 21 states, withdrew from 5
  6. Robert Ardini, President R. Boddie, Stephen B. Comley Sr., Bob Ely, Larry Horn, Zoltan Istvan, Rick Kraft, Star Locke, Matthew Matern, Mary Maxwell, Eric Merrill, William N. Murphy, and Juan Payne
  7. Filed but withdrew before ballot was set
  8. Withdrawn from state primary
  9. Robert Ardini, Zoltan Istvan, and Matthew Matern
  10. Bob Ely, Zoltan Istvan, and Matthew Matern
  11. Robert Ardini, Bob Ely, and Matthew Matern
  12. Bob Ely and Matthew Matern
  13. Mark Sanford
  14. Darius La'Ron Mitchell

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