78th Academy Awards
One of the two official posters designed by Studio 318[1]
DateMarch 5, 2006
SiteKodak Theatre
Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Hosted byJon Stewart
Preshow hostsBilly Bush,
Chris Connelly,
Cynthia Garrett, and
Vanessa Minnillo[2]
Produced byGil Cates
Directed byLouis J. Horvitz
Highlights
Best PictureCrash
Most awardsBrokeback Mountain, Crash, King Kong and Memoirs of a Geisha (3)
Most nominationsBrokeback Mountain (8)
TV in the United States
NetworkABC
Duration3 hours, 33 minutes[3]
Ratings38.94 million
23.0% (Nielsen ratings)

The 78th Academy Awards, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), took place on March 5, 2006, at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid a clash with the 2006 Winter Olympics.[4] During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards (commonly referred to as Oscars) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz.[5][6] Comedian Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time.[7] Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills, California held on February 18, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams.[8]

Crash won three awards, including Best Picture.[9] Other winners included Brokeback Mountain, King Kong, and Memoirs of a Geisha with three awards and Capote, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, The Constant Gardener, Hustle & Flow, March of the Penguins, The Moon and the Son: An Imagined Conversation, A Note of Triumph: The Golden Age of Norman Corwin, Six Shooter, Syriana, Tsotsi, Walk the Line, and Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one. The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States.

Winners and nominees

The nominees for the 78th Academy Awards were announced on January 31, 2006, at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in the Academy's Beverly Hills headquarters by Sid Ganis, president of the Academy, and actress Mira Sorvino.[10] Brokeback Mountain earned the most nominations with eight total; Crash, Good Night, and Good Luck, and Memoirs of a Geisha tied for second with six nominations each.[11] All five Best Picture nominees received corresponding Best Director nominations (the fourth occurrence in Oscar history since the Best Picture nominees roster was limited to five films).[12]

The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on March 5, 2006.[13] Crash was the first Best Picture winner since 1976's Rocky to win only three Oscars[14] and the first Best Picture winner since 1981's Chariots of Fire to not win Best Director or any of the acting categories. Best Director winner Ang Lee became the first non-Caucasian winner of that category.[15] For this first time since the 34th ceremony in 1962, all four acting winners were first-time nominees.[16][17] At age 20, Keira Knightley was the second-youngest Best Actress nominee for her performance as Elizabeth Bennet in Pride & Prejudice. Best Supporting Actor winner George Clooney was the fifth person to receive acting, directing, and screenwriting nominations in the same year and the first person to achieve this feat for two different films.[18] By virtue of his nominations for both Memoirs of a Geisha and Munich, composer John Williams earned a total of 45 nominations tying him with Alfred Newman as the second most nominated individual in Oscar history.[a][19] "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" became the second rap song to win Best Original Song and the first such song to be performed at an Oscars ceremony.[20]

Awards

Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface.[21]

Best Picture
  • Crash – Paul Haggis and Cathy Schulman, producers
    • Brokeback Mountain – Diana Ossana and James Schamus, producers
    • Capote – Caroline Baron, William Vince and Michael Ohoven, producers
    • Good Night, and Good Luck – Grant Heslov, producer
    • Munich – Kathleen Kennedy, Steven Spielberg and Barry Mendel, producers
 Best Directing
Best Actor in a Leading Role Best Actress in a Leading Role
Best Actor in a Supporting Role Best Actress in a Supporting Role
Best Writing (Original Screenplay)
  • Crash – Paul Haggis and Robert Moresco
Best Writing (Adapted Screenplay)
  • Brokeback Mountain – Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana based on the short story by Annie Proulx
    • Capote – Dan Futterman based on the book by Gerald Clarke
    • The Constant Gardener – Jeffrey Caine based on the novel by John le Carré
    • A History of Violence – Josh Olson based on the graphic novel by John Wagner and Vince Locke
    • Munich – Tony Kushner and Eric Roth based on the book Vengeance: The True Story of an Israeli Counter-Terrorist Team by George Jonas
Best Animated Feature Film Best Foreign Language Film
  • Tsotsi (South Africa) in Afrikaans – Gavin Hood
    • The Beast in the Heart (Italy) in Italian – Cristina Comencini
    • Joyeux Noël (France) in French – Christian Carion
    • Paradise Now (Palestine) in Arabic – Hany Abu-Assad[b]
    • Sophie Scholl - The Final Days (Germany) in German – Marc Rothemund
Best Documentary (Feature)
  • March of the Penguins – Luc Jacquet and Yves Darondeau
    • Darwin's Nightmare – Hubert Sauper
    • Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room – Alex Gibney and Jason Kliot
    • Murderball – Henry Alex Rubin and Dana Adam Shapiro
    • Street Fight – Marshall Curry
 Best Documentary (Short Subject)
  • A Note of Triumph: The Golden Age of Norman Corwin – Corinne Marrinan and Eric Simonson
    • The Death of Kevin Carter: Casualty of the Bang Bang Club – Dan Krauss
    • God Sleeps in Rwanda – Kimberlee Acquaro and Stacy Sherman
    • The Mushroom Club – Steven Okazaki
Best Short Film (Live Action)
  • Six Shooter – Martin McDonagh
    • Cashback – Sean Ellis and Lene Bausager
    • The Last Farm – Rúnar Rúnarsson and Thor S. Sigurjónsson
    • Our Time Is Up – Rob Pearlstein and Pia Clemente
    • The Runaway (Ausreißer) – Ulrike Grote
 Best Short Film (Animated)
  • The Moon and the Son: An Imagined Conversation – John Canemaker and Peggy Stern
    • 9 – Shane Acker
    • Badgered – Sharon Colman
    • The Mysterious Geographic Explorations of Jasper Morello – Anthony Lucas
    • One Man Band – Andrew Jimenez and Mark Andrews
Best Music (Original Score) Best Music (Original Song)
  • "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" from Hustle & Flow – Music and Lyrics by Jordan Houston, Cedric Coleman and Paul Beauregard
    • "In the Deep" from Crash – Music by Kathleen "Bird" York and Michael Becker; Lyrics by Kathleen "Bird" York
    • "Travelin' Thru" from Transamerica – Music and Lyrics by Dolly Parton
Best Sound Editing Best Sound Mixing
Best Art Direction
  • Memoirs of a Geisha – Art Direction: John Myhre; Set Decoration: Gretchen Rau
    • Good Night, and Good Luck – Art Direction: Jim Bissell; Set Decoration: Jan Pascale
    • Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire – Art Direction: Stuart Craig; Set Decoration: Stephenie McMillan
    • King Kong – Art Direction: Grant Major; Set Decoration: Dan Hennah and Simon Bright
    • Pride & Prejudice – Art Direction: Sarah Greenwood; Set Decoration: Katie Spencer
 Best Cinematography
  • Memoirs of a Geisha – Dion Beebe
Best Makeup Best Costume Design
Best Film Editing
  • Crash – Hughes Winborne
    • Cinderella Man – Mike Hill and Dan Hanley
    • The Constant Gardener – Claire Simpson
    • Munich – Michael Kahn
    • Walk the Line – Michael McCusker
 Best Visual Effects

Honorary Award

Films with multiple nominations and awards

Films that received multiple nominations
Nominations Film
8 Brokeback Mountain
6 Crash
Good Night, and Good Luck
Memoirs of a Geisha
5 Capote
Munich
Walk the Line
4 The Constant Gardener
King Kong
Pride & Prejudice
3 Cinderella Man
The Chronicles of Narnia:
The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe
War of the Worlds
2 A History of Violence
Hustle & Flow
Mrs Henderson Presents
North Country
Syriana
Transamerica
Films that received multiple awards
Wins Film
3 Brokeback Mountain
Crash
King Kong
Memoirs of a Geisha

Presenters and performers

The following individuals presented awards or performed musical numbers.[23][24][25]

Presenters

Name(s) Role
Tom Kane[26] Announcer for the 78th annual Academy Awards
Nicole Kidman Presenter of the award for Best Supporting Actor
Ben Stiller Presenter of the award for Best Visual Effects
Reese Witherspoon Presenter of the award for Best Animated Feature Film
Naomi Watts Introducer of the performance of Best Original Song nominee "Travelin' Thru"
Luke Wilson
Owen Wilson		 Presenters of the award for Best Live Action Short Film
Chicken Little (Zach Braff)
Abby Mallard (Joan Cusack)		 Presenters of the award for Best Animated Short Film
Jennifer Aniston Presenter of the award for Best Costume Design
Russell Crowe Presenter of the biographical films montage
Steve Carell
Will Ferrell		 Presenters of the award for Best Makeup
Rachel McAdams Presenter of the segment of the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement and the Gordon E. Sawyer Award
Morgan Freeman Presenter of the award for Best Supporting Actress
Lauren Bacall Presenter of the film noir montage
Terrence Howard Presenter of the award for Best Documentary Short Subject
Charlize Theron Presenter of the award for Best Documentary Feature
Jennifer Lopez Introducer of the performance of Best Original Song nominee "In the Deep"
Sandra Bullock
Keanu Reeves		 Presenters of the award for Best Art Direction
Samuel L. Jackson Presenter of the political films montage
Sid Ganis (AMPAS president) Presenter of a special presentation regarding activities funded by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
Salma Hayek Introducer of the special instrumental solo performance to the tune of Best Original Score nominees and presenter of the award for Best Original Score
Jake Gyllenhaal Presenter of the epic films montage
Jessica Alba
Eric Bana		 Presenters of the award for Best Sound Mixing
Meryl Streep
Lily Tomlin		 Presenters of the Academy Honorary Award to Robert Altman
Ludacris Introducer of the performance of Best Original Song nominee "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp"
Queen Latifah Presenter of the award for Best Original Song
Jennifer Garner Presenter of the award for Best Sound Editing
George Clooney Presenter of the In Memoriam tribute
Will Smith Presenter of the award for Best Foreign Language Film
Ziyi Zhang Presenter of the award for Best Film Editing
Hilary Swank Presenter of the award for Best Actor
John Travolta Presenter of the award for Best Cinematography
Jamie Foxx Presenter of the award for Best Actress
Dustin Hoffman Presenter of the award for Best Adapted Screenplay
Uma Thurman Presenter of the award for Best Original Screenplay
Tom Hanks Presenter of the award for Best Director
Jack Nicholson Presenter of the award for Best Picture

Performers

Name(s) Role Performed
Bill Conti Musical arranger and Conductor Orchestral
Dolly Parton Performer "Travelin' Thru" from Transamerica
Kathleen York Performer "In the Deep" from Crash
Itzhak Perlman Performer Performed musical selections for Best Original Score nominees
Three 6 Mafia
Taraji P. Henson		 Performers "It's Hard out Here for a Pimp" from Hustle & Flow

Ceremony information

Despite the negative reception from the preceding year's ceremony, the Academy rehired Gilbert Cates to oversee production of the awards gala.[5] However, in an article published in The New York Times, it was stated that 2005 host Chris Rock would not return to host the show.[27] According to a statement released by his publicist, "He didn't want to do it in perpetuity, He'd like to do it again down the road."[27] Furthermore, many media outlets speculated that several AMPAS members felt uncomfortable with Rock's disparaging comments about Colin Farrell, Jude Law, and Tobey Maguire.[28][29] Initially, Cates sought actor and veteran Oscar host Billy Crystal to host the ceremony again. However, Crystal declined the offer citing his commitment to his one-man comedy show 700 Sundays.[30][31]

In January 2006, Cates announced that actor, comedian, and talk show host Jon Stewart, who had previously hosted two consecutive Grammy Awards ceremonies in 2001 and 2002, was chosen as host of the 2006 telecast.[32] Cates explained the decision to hire him saying, "My wife and I watch him every night. Jon is the epitome of a perfect host — smart, engaging, irreverent and funny."[33] In a statement, Stewart expressed that he was honored to be selected to emcee the program, jokingly adding, "Although, as an avid watcher of the Oscars, I can't help but be a little disappointed with the choice. It appears to be another sad attempt to smoke out Billy Crystal."[34]

Several other people and companies participated in the production of the ceremony. Bill Conti served as musical supervisor for the telecast.[35] Media firm The Ant Farm produced a thirty-second trailer promoting the broadcast featuring clips highlighting past Oscar winners to the tune of the song "Our Lives" by The Calling.[36] Previous Oscar hosts such as Whoopi Goldberg and Steve Martin, and actors Mel Gibson, George Clooney, Halle Berry appeared in an opening comedic sketch.[37] Actor Tom Hanks participated in a pre-taped comedic sketch lampooning Oscar speeches.[38] Stephen Colbert (host of The Colbert Report, the sister program of Stewart's The Daily Show) narrated two different mock attack ads lampooning both the intense campaigning and lobbying during Oscar season put forth by film studios and political advertising during elections.[39] Violinist Itzhak Perlman performed excerpts from the five nominees for Best Original Score.[40]

Box office performance of nominated films

When the nominations were announced on January 31, the field of major nominees favored independent, low-budget films over blockbusters.[41][42] The combined gross of the five Best Picture nominees when the Oscars were announced was $186 million with an average gross of $37.3 million per film.[43] Crash was the highest earner among the Best Picture nominees with $53.4 million in domestic box office receipts. The film was followed by Brokeback Mountain ($51.7 million), Munich ($40.8 million), Good Night and Good Luck ($25.2 million), and finally Capote ($15.4 million).[43]

Of the top 50 grossing movies of the year, 35 nominations went to 13 films on the list. Only Walk the Line (19th), Cinderella Man (41st), Wallace and Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (45th), and Crash (48th) were nominated for Best Picture, Best Animated Feature, or any of the directing, acting, or screenwriting.[44] The other top 50 box office hits that earned nominations were Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith (1st), Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2nd), The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe (3rd), War of the Worlds (4th), King Kong (5th), Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (7th), Batman Begins (8th), March of the Penguins, (26th), and Memoirs of a Geisha (47th).[44]

Critical reviews

Some media outlets received the broadcast positively. St. Louis Post-Dispatch television critic Gail Pennington praised Stewart's performance as host writing that he "did the Oscars proud Sunday night, turning in a four-star hosting performance that unfortunately made the rest of the show seem sluggish by comparison."[45] Film critic Roger Ebert said that Stewart was "on target, topical and funny," and added, "He was as relaxed, amusing and at home as Johnny Carson."[46] Columnist Ray Richmond of The Hollywood Reporter commented, "He seemed at times nervous and self-conscious, but on the whole, Stewart delivered with just the right balance of reverence and smugness."[47]

Others media publications were more critical of the show. Television critic Rob Owen of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette wrote that Stewart was more "amusing than funny". He added, "Many of his jokes fell flat with the stars in the Kodak Theatre, and his tendency to bow down before celebrities quickly grew tiresome."[48] Tom Shales from The Washington Post commented, "It's hard to believe that professional entertainers could have put together a show less entertaining than this year's Oscars, hosted with a smug humorlessness by comic Jon Stewart, a sad and pale shadow of great hosts gone by." Moreover, he derided the "piles and piles and miles and miles of clips from films present and past" writing that it "squandered the visual luster" of the ceremony.[49] Associated Press television critic Frazier Moore remarked, "Stewart, usually a very funny guy, displayed a lack of beginner's luck as first-time host...His usually impeccable blend of puckishness and self-effacement fell flat in the service of Oscar." He also criticized the decision to play music over the winner's acceptance speeches calling it "distracting and obnoxious."[50]

In retrospective commentary, Crash's win for Best Picture over Brokeback Mountain has become "one of the most notorious [decisions] in modern Academy history"[51] and a source of "earnest bafflement from critics".[52] Rankings by several publications and critics have called Crash one of the worst or most controversial Best Picture winners.[53][54][55]

Ratings and reception

The American telecast on ABC drew in an average of 38.94 million people over its length, which was an 8% decrease from the previous year's ceremony.[56] Additionally, the show earned lower Nielsen ratings compared to the previous ceremony with 23.0% of households watching over a 35 share.[57] Furthermore, it garnered a lower 18–49 demo rating with a 13.9 rating among viewers in that demographic.[57]

In July 2006, the ceremony presentation received nine nominations at the 58th Primetime Emmys.[58] The following month, the ceremony won four of those nominations for Outstanding Art Direction for a Variety, Music Program, or Special (Roy Christopher and Jeff Richman), Outstanding Directing for a Variety, Music, or Comedy Program (Louis J. Horvitz), Outstanding Main Title Design (Renato Grgic, Alen Petkovic, Kristijan Petrovic, and Jon Teschner), and Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Variety, Music, or Animation Series or Special (Patrick Baltzell, Robert Douglass, Edward J. Greene, Jamie Santos, and Tom Vicari).[59]

"In Memoriam"

The annual "In Memoriam": tribute was presented by actor George Clooney. The montage featured an excerpt of the theme from Now, Voyager composed by Max Steiner.[60]

See also

Notes

a^ : Walt Disney has the most Oscar nominations for any individual with 64.[19]
b^ : Best Foreign Language Film nominee Paradise Now was initially nominated as a submission from Palestine.[61] However, following protests from pro-Israeli groups in the United States, the Academy decided to designate it as a submission from the Palestinian Authority, a move that was decried by the film's director Hany Abu-Assad.[62][63] During the awards ceremony, the film was eventually announced by presenter Will Smith as a submission from the Palestinian territories.[64]

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