Government space agencies, established by the governments of countries and regioagencies (groupings of countries) are established as a means for advocating for engaging in activities related to outer space, exploitation of space systems, and/or space exploration. The listings summarize all countries' and regional authorities' space agencies with a comparative summary of demonstrated capabilities.

The objectives include national prestige, exploitation of remote sensing information, communications, education, and economic development. These agencies tend to be civil in nature (vs military) and serve to advance the benefits of exploitation and/or exploration of space. They span the spectrum from old organizations with small budgets to mature national or regional enterprises such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States, the European Space Agency (ESA) which coordinates for more than 20 constituent countries, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities (Roscosmos) of Russia, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), and the China National Space Administration (CNSA).

The space agency listings are segregated to enable identification of subsets of the complete list that have advanced to higher levels or technical or programmatic proficiency in accordance with the following:

Overview

As of 2024, nearly 80 different government space agencies are in existence, including more than 70 national space agencies and several international agencies.

Overview of space agencies
Space agency Demonstrated capability
Country or
organization 		Name Acronym Founded First space traveler Operates satellites Builds satellites Recoverable payloads capable
African Union African Space Agency AfSA 24 Jan 2023
 Algeria Algerian Space Agency ASAL 16 Jan 2002[1]
(Alcomsat-1)
(AlSAT-1)
 Argentina Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales[2] CONAE 1961 (CNIE)
28 May 1991 (CONAE)
(Nahuel 1A)
(ARSAT-1)
 Australia Australian Space Agency[3] ASA 1986 (NSP)
1 Jul 2018 (ASA)[4][5]
(Paul Scully-Power)
(Aussat A1)
(WRESAT)
 Austria Austrian Space Agency[6][7] ALR 12 Jul 1972
(Franz Viehböck)
(TUGSAT-1/UniBRITE)
(TUGSAT-1/UniBRITE)
 Azerbaijan Space Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azercosmos)[8] Azercosmos 2010
(Tuva Cihangir Atasever)
(Azerspace-1)
(Azersky-2)
 Bahrain Bahrain Space Agency BSA 2014
AlMunther
AlMunther
 Bangladesh Bangladesh Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization[9] SPARRSO 1980
(Bangabandhu-1)
(BRAC Onnesha)
 Belgium Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy[10] BIRA
IASB
BISA 		Nov 25, 1964
(Dirk Frimout)
(PROBA-1)
 Brazil Brazilian Space Agency[11][12] AEB 10 Feb 1994
(Marcos Pontes)
(Brasilsat A1)
(Amazônia-1)
 Bulgaria Bulgarian Space Agency[13] SRI-BAS
STIL-BAS 		1987
(Georgi Ivanov)
(Bulgaria 1300)
(Bulgaria 1300)
 Canada Canadian Space Agency[14] CSA
ASC 		1 Mar 1989
(Marc Garneau)
(Alouette 1)
(Alouette 1)
 Chile Chilean Space Agency CSA 2001
 China China National Space Administration[15] CNSA 22 Apr 1993
(Yang Liwei)
(Dong Fang Hong 1)
 Costa Rica Costa Rican Space Agency (Agencia Espacial Costarricense)[16] AEC 2021
(Irazú)
(Irazú)
International Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)
British National Space Centre (BNSC)
Canadian Space Agency (CSA)
Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES)
China National Space Administration (CNSA)
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR)
European Space Agency (ESA)
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Russian Federal Space Agency (RFSA) 		Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems[17] CCSDS 1982
International Algeria
 Argentina
 Armenia
 Australia
 Austria
 Belgium
 Brazil
 Bulgaria
 Canada
 Chile
 China
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Egypt
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 India
 Indonesia
 Iran
 Iraq
 Israel
 Italy
 Japan
 Kazakhstan
 South Korea
 Malaysia
 Mexico
 Morocco
 Netherlands
 Nigeria
 Norway
 Pakistan
 Poland
 Portugal
 Romania
 Russia
 Saudi Arabia
 Slovakia
 South Africa
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 Taiwan
 Thailand
 Turkey
 Ukraine
 United Arab Emirates
 United Kingdom
 United States
Caribbean Community 		Committee on Space Research[18][19][20] COSPAR 1958
 Czech Republic Department of Space Activities at the
Ministry of Transport (Czech Republic) 		MoT 2008
(Vladimír Remek)
(Magion 4)
(VZLUSAT-2)
 Denmark Danish National Space Center[21] DNSC
DTU Space 		1 Jan 1968 (DSRI)
1 Jan 2005 (DNSC)
(Andreas Mogensen)
(Ørsted)
(Ørsted)
 Egypt Egyptian Space Agency[22][23] EGSA
NARSS[24]
EASRT-RSC 		2018
1994
1971–1994
(Sara Sabry)
(EgyptSat 1)
(NARSSCube-1)
 El Salvador Instituto Aeroespacial de El Salvador(Esai)[25][26] ESAI 2021
 Ethiopia Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute[27] ESSTI
 14 Oct 2016

ETRSS-1
ETRSS-1
 Austria
 Belgium
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Estonia
 European Union
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 Ireland
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Poland
 Portugal
 Romania
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 United Kingdom 		European Space Agency[28][29] ESA
ASE
EWO 		1964 (ESRO/ELDO)
30 May 1975 (ESA)
(Ulf Merbold)
(Cos-B)
(Cos-B)
 European Union European Union Agency for the Space Programme[30] EUSPA 12 Jul 2004 (GSA)
21 May 2021 (EUSPA)
 France National Centre for Space Studies[31] CNES 19 Dec 1961
(Jean-Loup Chrétien)
(Astérix)
(Astérix)
 Germany German Aerospace Center[32] DLR 1969
(Sigmund Jähn)
(Azur)
 Ghana Ghana Space Science and Technology Centre[33] GSSTI
 2 Apr 2012
(GhanaSat-1)
(GhanaSat-1)
 Greece Hellenic Space Centre
Ελληνικό Κέντρο Διαστήματος[34] 		HSC
ΕΛΚΕΔ 		9 Aug 2019
(Hellas Sat 2)
(UPSat)
 Hungary Hungarian Space Office MŰI
HSO 		Jan 1992
(Bertalan Farkas)
(MaSat-1)
(MaSat-1)
 India Indian Space Research Organisation[35][36][37] ISRO
इसरो 		1962 (INCOSPAR)
15th Aug 1969 (ISRO)
(Rakesh Sharma)
(Aryabhata)
(Aryabhata)
 Indonesia Indonesian Space Agency
(Previously LAPAN)[38] 		INASA 3 Nov 2022
27 Nov 1964 (LAPAN)
(Palapa-A1)
(Lapan-TUBsat)
 Iran Iranian Space Agency ISA[39][40] 2004
(Sina-1)		 [41]
(Omid)
(Pishgam)
 Israel Israeli Space Agency ISA
סוכנות החלל הישראלית 		Apr 1983
(Ilan Ramon)
(Ofeq-1)
(Shavit 2)
 Italy Italian Space Agency[42][43] ASI 1988
(Franco Malerba)
(San Marco 1)
(San Marco 1)
 Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency[44][45] JAXA
ジャクサ 		1 Oct 2003
(Toyohiro Akiyama)
(Ohsumi)
(Ohsumi)
 Kazakhstan National Space Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan[46] KazCosmos
KazKosmos 		27 Mar 2007
(Toktar Aubakirov)
(KazSat-1)
(Al Farabi-1)
 Kenya Kenya Space Agency[47] KSA
 7 Mar 2017

(1KUNS-PF)
(1KUNS-PF)
 North Korea National Aerospace Technology Administration NATA 1980s (KCST)

2013 (NADA) 2023 (NATA)


(Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2)
(Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2)
 South Korea Korea AeroSpace Administration KASA
우주청 		27 May 2024
 South Korea Korea Aerospace Research Institute[48] KARI
항우연 		10 Oct 1989
(Yi So-yeon)
(Koreasat 1)
(KITSAT-1)
CELAC Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency ALCE 2022[49]
 Lithuania Lithuanian Space Association[50] LSA[51] 2007
(LituanicaSAT-1)
(LituanicaSAT-1)
 Luxembourg Luxembourg Space Agency[52] LSA Sep 2018
(Astra 1A)
(KSM (Kleos Scouting Mission))
 Malaysia Malaysian Space Agency[53] MYSA 2002
(Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor)
(MEASAT-1)
(TiungSAT-1)
 Mexico Mexican Space Agency[54] AEM 30 Jul 2010
(Rodolfo Vela)
(Morelos I)
(UNAMSAT B)[55]
 Mongolia National Remote Sensing Center of Mongolia[56] NRSC 1991
(Gurragchaa Jugderdemid)
(Mazaalai)
(Mazaalai)
 Morocco Royal Center for Remote Sensing[57]
Centre Royal de Télédétection Spatiale
Ammas Amrrukan n Tallunt
(المركز الملكي للإستشعار البعدي الفضائي) 		CRTS Dec 1989
(Maroc-Tubsat)
(Maroc-Tubsat)
 Netherlands Netherlands Institute for Space Research[58] SRON 1983
(Wubbo Ockels)
(ANS)
(ANS)
 New Zealand New Zealand Space Agency
 NZSA Apr 2016
(Humanity Star)
(Humanity Star)
 Nigeria National Space Research and Development Agency[59] NASRDA 1998
(Nigeriasat-1)
(Nigeria EduSat-1)
 Norway Norwegian Space Agency[60] NRS
NSC 		1987
(Thor 2)
(nCube-2)
 Pakistan Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission[61] SUPARCO
سپارکو 		16 Sep 1961 (started working from 1964)
(Namira Salim)
(Badr-1)
(Badr-1)
 Paraguay Paraguayan Space Agency (Agencia Espacial de Paraguay)[62] AEP 26 Mar 2014
(GuaraníSat-1)
(GuaraníSat-1)
 Peru National Commission for Aerospace Research and Development[63] CONIDA 11 Jun 1974
(Chasqui I)
 Philippines Philippine Space Agency[64][65][66][67][68] PhilSA 2014 (DOST–ASTI)
8 August 2019 (PhilSA)
(Agila-1)
(Diwata-1)
 Poland Polish Space Agency[69] POLSA 29 Sep 1976 (CBK PAN)
26 Sep 2014 (POLSA)
(Mirosław Hermaszewski)
(Lem)
(Lem)
 Portugal Portugal Space[70][71] PTSPACE 2019
(PoSAT-1)
(PoSAT-1)
 Romania Romanian Space Agency[72] ASR
ROSA 		1991
(Dumitru Prunariu)
(Goliat)
(Goliat)
 Russia Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities Roscosmos
Роскосмос 		25 Feb 1992
(Aleksandr Volkov)
(Kosmos 2175)
(Kosmos 2175)
(Soyuz TM-14)
 Rwanda Rwanda Space Agency[73] RSA 2021
(RWASAT-1)
(RWASAT-1)
 Saudi Arabia Saudi Space Agency[74] SSA 1977 (KACST-SRI)
2018 (SSC/SSA)
(Sultan Bin Salman)
(Arabsat-1A)
(SaudiSat-4)
 Singapore Office for Space Technology and Industry[75] OSTIn 2013
 South Africa South African National Space Agency[76] SANSA 9 Dec 2010
(Mark Shuttleworth)
(SUNSAT)
(SUNSAT)
Soviet Union † Soviet space program СССР
Космическая программа 		1955
disbanded 25 Dec 1991
(Yuri Gagarin)
(Sputnik 1)
(Sputnik 1)
(Korabl-Sputnik 2)
 Spain Agencia Espacial Española[77][78][79] AEE 2023
(Pedro Duque)
(Hispasat 1A)
(Intasat)
 Sweden Swedish National Space Agency[80] SNSA 1972
(Christer Fuglesang)
(Viking)
 Switzerland Swiss Space Office[81][82] SSO 1998 Claude Nicollier
(SwissCube-1)
(SwissCube-1)
Syria Syrian Space Agency[83][84][85][86] SSA 18 Mar 2014
(Muhammed Faris)
 Taiwan Taiwan Space Agency[87] TASA 3 Oct 1991
(ST-1)
(Formosat-1)
 Thailand Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency[88] GISTDA
สทอภ 		3 Nov 2000
(Thaicom 1)
(KNACKSAT)
 Tunisia French: Centre national de la cartographie et de la télédétection
(Arabic: المركز الوطني للإستشعار عن بعد)
(National Remote Sensing Center of Tunisia)[89] 		CNCT 1988
(Challenge-1)
(Challenge-1)
 Turkey Turkish Space Agency
(Türkiye Uzay Ajansı)[90][91][92][93] 		TUA 1985 (TÜBİTAK UZAY)
13 Dec 2018 (TUA)
(Alper Gezeravcı)
(Türksat 1A)
(Göktürk-2)
 Turkmenistan Turkmenistan National Space Agency[94] TNSA 2011
(Oleg Kononenko)
(TürkmenÄlem52E / MonacoSAT)
 Ukraine State Space Agency of Ukraine[95] SSAU 2 Mar 1992
(Leonid Kadeniuk)
(Sich-1)
 United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Space Agency[96] UAESA 2014
(Hazza Al Mansouri)
(Thuraya 2)
(KhalifaSat)
 United Kingdom United Kingdom Space Agency[97] UKSA 1 Apr 2010
(Helen Sharman)
(Ariel 1)
(Prospero)
United Nations United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space[98] UNCOPUOS Dec 12, 1959 — — — —
United Nations United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs[99] UNOOSA 13 Dec 1958 — — — —
 United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration[100] NASA 29 Jul 1958
(Alan Shepard)
(Explorer 1)
(Explorer 1)
(Discoverer 13)
 Uzbekistan The Space Research and Technology Agency under the Ministry of
Digital Technologies of the Republic of Uzbekistan[101] 		Uzbekspace agency 2019
 Venezuela Bolivarian Agency for Space Activities[102] ABAE 1 Jan 2008
(Venesat-1)
 Vietnam Vietnam National Space Center (Trung tâm Vũ trụ Việt Nam)[103] TTVTVN or VNSC
VAST-VNSC 		20 Nov 2006
(Phạm Tuân)
(Vinasat-1)
(F-1)
Subnational Space Agencies
Country Subdivision Name Founded First space traveler Operates satellites Builds satellites Recoverable payloads capable
 United States California California Space Authority 1996 (CSTA)

2001 (CSA) disbanded 10 Jun 2011

Florida Space Florida[104] 1989 (FSA)

1 Sep 2006 (Space Florida)

New Mexico New Mexico Spaceport Authority Feb 2011
Oklahoma Oklahoma Space Industry Development Authority[105] 2006
Virginia Virginia Spaceport Authority 1 Jul 1996

Launch capability

This group of agencies have developed or are developing launch infrastructure including space launch sites, suborbital launch technology, orbital launch systems, cryogenic rocket technologies and reusable hardware technologies.

Overview of space agency launch capabilities
Agency Demonstrated capability
Operates launch site Suborbital launch capable Orbital launch capable Cryogenic rocket engine use Reusable systems use
CONAE[2] [106]
(Punta Indio) 		[107]
(Orión)
ASA[3][4]
(Woomera) 		[108]
(Long Tom)
AEB[11][12] [109]
(Alcântara)
(VSB-30)
(VLS-1) 		[110]
(L-75)
CSA
CNSA[15]
(Jiuquan)
(Long March 1)
(YF-73)
 Austria
 Belgium
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Estonia
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 Ireland
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Portugal
 Poland
 Romania
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 United Kingdom ESA
(Kourou)
(Ariane 1)
CNES[31]
(Kourou)
(Véronique)
(Diamant A)
ISRO[35][36][37]
(Sriharikota)
(RH-75)
(SLV)
(CE-20) (CE-7.5)
(NGLV)
Iranian Space Agency[111]
(Semnan)
(Safir)
(Safir) 		[112]
(Bahman engine)
(Reusable OLV project)
Israel Space Agency[113]
(Palmachim Airbase)
(Shavit 2)
(Shavit 2)
ASI[114]
(Salto di Quirra)
JAXA[44]
(Uchinoura)
(Lambda-4S)
(LE-7)
NATA
(Sohae) 		[115]
(Unha-3) 		[116]
(May 27, 2024)
KARI[117]
(Naro)
(Nuri)
MSA
NZSA
(Mahia)
SUPARCO[118]
(Sonmiani Flight Test Range)
(Rehbar-I)
POLSA
Roscosmos
(Plesetsk)
(Soyuz-U)
(Soyuz-7 2028)
Soviet space program †
(Baikonur)
(GIRD-09)
(R-7 Sputnik)
(KVD-1)
(Buran)
SNSA[119]
(Esrange)
(Maser)
SSAU[120]
(Dnepr)
UKSA
NASA[100]
(Cape Canaveral)
(WAC Corporal)
(Juno I)
(RL10)
(Space Shuttle)

Extraterrestrial exploration capability

This group of agencies have developed advanced technological capabilities required for travel and study of other heavenly bodies within the Solar System. These involve the capacity to leave the local area around the planet Earth for lunar and/or missions to other bodies in the Solar System.

Overview of space agencies extraterrestrial exploration capability
Space agency Demonstrated capability
Operates flyby spacecraft Operates extraterrestrial orbiter Controlled surface impact Uncrewed soft landing Uncrewed rover operation Sample return
CNSA[121]
(Chang'e 5-T1)
(Chang'e 1)
(Chang'e 1)
(Chang'e 3)
(Yutu-1)
(Chang'e 5)
 Austria
 Belgium
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Estonia
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Hungary
 Ireland
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Portugal
 Poland
 Romania
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 United Kingdom ESA[122]
(Ulysses)
(Mars Express)
(Rosetta)
(Huygens)
ISRO[123]
(Chandrayaan-3)
(Chandrayaan-1)
(Moon Impact Probe)[37]
(Chandrayaan-3)
(Pragyan)
JAXA[124]
(Hiten)
(Hiten)
(Hiten)
(Hayabusa)
(MINERVA-II)
(Hayabusa)
Soviet space program †
(Luna 1)
(Luna 10)
(Luna 2)
(Luna 9)
(Lunokhod 1)
(Luna 16)
NASA
(Pioneer 4)
(Lunar Orbiter 1)
(Ranger 7)
(Surveyor 1)
(Sojourner)
(Apollo 11)
Roscosmos
(Exomars Trace Gas Orbiter)
(Luna 25)

Without launch capabilities

This category is formed by agencies that operate and construct satellites in extraterrestrial environments, but do not have the capability to transport those satellites to the desired orbit/trajectory/landing spot. As far as we know as of the 10th May 2024, five space agencies have achieved the requirements to be listed here: [a]

Overview of space agencies extraterrestrial satellite operation and constructing capabilities.
Space agency Demonstrated capability
Operates extraterrestrial orbiter Controlled surface impact Uncrewed soft landing Uncrewed rover operation Sample return
LuxSpace
(Manfred Memorial Moon Mission, flyby only)
ASI
(ArgoMoon)
KARI
(Danuri)
UAESA
(Emirates Mars Mission)
SUPARCO
(ICUBE-Q)

Human spaceflight capability

This small group of countries/space agencies have demonstrated the highest technological capacity with systems and solutions that support human spaceflight along with the ancillary technological capabilities to support human activity in orbit and/or on extraterrestrial bodies. The missions identified (and personnel when appropriate) are the first successful accomplishments of each activity.

Overview of space agencies human spaceflight capability
Space agency Demonstrated capability
Crewed space launch EVA Rendezvous and docking Space station Crewed circumlunar flight Crewed Moon landing
CNSA
(Shenzhou 5)
(Shenzhou 7)
(Shenzhou 8 to Tiangong-1)
(Tiangong-1)
ISRO
(SDX01 to SDX02 — as part of SpaDeX)
Roscosmos
(Soyuz TM-14)
(Mir, Aleksandr Volkov and Sergei Krikalev)
(Soyuz TM-14 to ISS)
(Mir)
Soviet space program †
(Vostok 1)
(Voskhod 2,
Alexei Leonov)
(Soyuz 4 to
Soyuz 5)
(Salyut 1)
NASA[100]
(Mercury-Redstone 3)
(Gemini 4,
Ed White)
(Gemini 8 to GATV)
(Skylab)
(Apollo 8)
(Apollo 11)

Proposed agencies


Budgets

The annual budgets listed are the official budgets of national space agencies available in public domain.[159][160] For European contributors to ESA, the national budgets shown include also their contributions to ESA.

Budgets of space agencies
Agency Budget
(US$
millions) 		Year Reference
NASA 25,400 2025 [161][162]
CNSA 18,150 2023 [163]
 Austria
 Belgium
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 European Union
 Finland
 France
 Germany
 Greece
 Ireland
 Italy
 Luxembourg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Poland
 Portugal
 Romania
 Spain
 Sweden
 Switzerland
 United Kingdom ESA 		9,080 2025 [164]
CNES 3,521 2022 [165]
JAXA 2,388 2022 [166]
Roscosmos 1,950 2025 [167]
ISRO 1,831 2022 [168][169]
ASI 1,685 2024 [170]
GAC 1,424 2021 [171]
HSC 1 2023 [172][173]
AEE 739 2023 [174]
KASA 726 2025 [175]
UKSA 604 2021 [176]
CSA 460 2019 [177]
ASA 394 2020 [178]
ISAB 260 2020 [179]
PSA 243 2025 [180]
ISA, ISRC and ARI 222 2024 [181]
SSO 177 2019 [182]
NSO 150 2022 [183]
SNSA 120 2022 [184]
SSAU 107 2022 [185]
NSA 103 2019 [186]
TSA 207.3 2026 [187]
ASA 75 2020 [188]
BSA 68 2022 [189]
CONAE 63 2022 [190]
NIAS 54 2022 [191][192]
SUPARCO 50 2019 [193][194]
PSA 38 2019 [195]
NSRDA 36 2020 [196]
ASA 35 2020 [197][198]
ISA 17 2020 [199]
SANSA 15 2020 [200]
AEP 9 2023 [201]
MASA 4 2022 [202]
ESSTI 3 2022 [192]
CSA 1 2014
World ~62,000

See also

Notes

    • Failed projects like "Colmena" of the MSA/AEM (Mexican Space Agency/Agencia Espacial Mejicana) are not included in this list.
    • ISA (Israel Space Agency) does have launch vehicles (Shavit 2) but not powerful enough to reach further than Earth orbit.
    • This list does not include the previous space agencies.

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