Linux Mint
Linux Mint 22 "Wilma" using Cinnamon 6.2.7
DeveloperClément Lefèbvre,[1] Linux Mint Teams and community[2]
OS familyUnix-like
Working stateCurrent
Source modelOpen source
Initial releaseAugust 27, 2006 (2006-08-27)
Latest release
  • Main: 22.3[3][4] 
    13 January 2026 (13 January 2026)
  • LMDE: LMDE 7[5] 
    14 October 2025 (14 October 2025)
Repositorygithub.com/linuxmint
Available inMultilingual[6]
Update method
  • APT (command line)
  • Software Manager, Update Manager & Synaptic (graphical user interfaces)
Package managerAPT (dpkg) · Flatpak
Supported platformsx86-64
Kernel typeMonolithic (Linux)
UserlandGNU
Default
user interface
LicenseMainly GPL and other free software licenses, minor additions of proprietary software
Official websitewww.linuxmint.com

Linux Mint is a community-developed Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. First released in 2006, Linux Mint is often noted for its ease of use, out-of-the-box functionality, and appeal to desktop users.[8][9] It comes bundled with a selection of free and open-source software. The default desktop environment is Cinnamon, developed by the Linux Mint team, with MATE and Xfce available as alternatives. A Debian based version of Linux Mint also exists, called Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE). Linux Mint is available for x86-64 systems.[10][11][12][13]

History

2006–2013

Linux Mint began in 2006 with a beta release, 1.0, code named 'Ada',[14] based on Kubuntu and using its KDE interface. Linux Mint 2.0 'Barbara' was the first version to use Ubuntu as its codebase and its GNOME interface. It had few users until the release of Linux Mint 3.0, 'Cassandra'.[15][16] Linux Mint 2.0 was based on Ubuntu 6.10[17][18] using Ubuntu's package repositories and using it as a codebase. It then followed its own codebase, building each release from the previous one, but continuing to use the package repositories of the latest Ubuntu release. This made the two systems' bases almost identical, guaranteeing full compatibility between them, rather than requiring Mint to be a fork.

Initially, there were two yearly Linux Mint releases, timed to be approximately one month after Ubuntu releases (which in turn are about one month after GNOME releases and two months after X Window System releases). In 2008, Linux Mint adopted the same release cycle as Ubuntu and dropped its minor version number before releasing version 5 'Elyssa', and every fourth release was labeled a LTS version,[19] indicating that it was supported (with updates) for longer than traditional releases.[20] The same year, in an effort to increase compatibility between the two systems, Linux Mint decided to abandon its codebase and starting with Linux Mint 6 'Felicia' each release was based completely on the latest Ubuntu release, built directly from it, and made available approximately one month after the corresponding Ubuntu release (usually in May or November).

In 2010, Linux Mint released Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE). Unlike the other Ubuntu-based editions (Ubuntu Mint), LMDE was originally a rolling release based directly on Debian and not tied to Ubuntu packages or its release schedule.[16] It was announced on May 27, 2015, that the Linux Mint team would no longer support the original rolling release version of LMDE after January 1, 2016.[21] LMDE 2 'Betsy' was a long-term support release based on Debian Jessie.[22] When LMDE 2 was released, it was announced that all LMDE users would be automatically upgraded to new versions of MintTools software and new desktop environments before they were released into the main edition of Linux Mint.[23]

Since 2014

In 2014 the successor to 17 Qiana was announced to be 17.1 Rebecca; the development team said that from a technical point of view Linux Mint was no longer tied to the Ubuntu schedule, so it could be released at any time, although the six-month cycle provided rhythm, leading to a late November 2014 target.[24]

On February 20, 2016, the Linux Mint website was breached by unknown hackers who briefly replaced download links for a version of Linux Mint with a modified version containing malware. The hackers also breached the database of the website's user forum.[25][26] Linux Mint immediately took its server offline and implemented enhanced security configurations for their website and forum.[27]

Beginning with the release of Linux Mint 18 (Sarah), the OEM version,[b] and the No Codecs version[c] was discontinued in order to reduce the number of ISO images that needed to be maintained.[30]

Starting with Linux Mint 20, only 64-bit architecture is supported.[31][32] This is because Canonical decided to drop 32-bit support from Ubuntu 20.04, which is the base from which Linux Mint 20 is derived.[33] Starting with LMDE 7 The Debian-based LMDE no longer supports 32-bit processors as Debian 13 Trixie that LMDE 7 is based upon no longer supports 32 bit.

Features

Linux Mint primarily uses free and open-source software. Before version 18, some proprietary software, such as device drivers, Adobe Flash Player and codecs for MP3 and DVD-Video playback, were bundled with the OS.[34][35][36] Starting with version 18, the installer provides an option to install third-party, proprietary software.[12]

Linux Mint comes bundled with a wide range of application software, including LibreOffice, Firefox, Thunderbird, Transmission, and VLC media player. Additional programs can be downloaded using the package manager, adding a PPA, or adding a source to the sources file in the /etc/apt/ directory. Linux Mint allows networking ports to be closed using its firewall, with customized port selection available. The default Linux Mint desktop environments, Cinnamon and MATE, support many languages.[37][38] Linux Mint can also run many programs designed for Microsoft Windows (such as Microsoft Office), using the Wine compatibility layer.

Linux Mint is available with a number of desktop environments to choose from, including the default Cinnamon desktop, MATE and Xfce. Other desktop environments can be installed via APT, Synaptic, or via the custom Mint Software Manager.

Linux Mint implements Mandatory Access Control with AppArmor to enhance security by default, and restricts the default network-facing processes.

Linux Mint actively develops software for its operating system. Most of the development is done in Python and the source code is available on GitHub.[39][40]

Software by Linux Mint

Cinnamon

The Cinnamon desktop environment is a fork of GNOME Shell with Mint Gnome Shell Extensions (MGSE) on top. It was released as an add-on for Linux Mint 12 and has been available as a default desktop environment since Linux Mint 13.[41]

Other desktop environments

Hypnotix

Hypnotix is the IPTV software developed by the Mint team. The first prototype was released in 2020 following positive reaction to the announcement of the team that it could develop an IPTV application.[43]

MintTools

Editions

Linux Mint has multiple editions based on Ubuntu, with various desktop environments available.[13] It also has a Debian-based edition.[47]

Ubuntu-based editions

As of Linux Mint 22.2, there are three main editions developed by the core development team and using Ubuntu as a base. One includes Linux Mint's own Cinnamon as the desktop environment, the second uses MATE and the third uses Xfce. Since the release of version 19 (Tara) in June 2018, the three editions are released simultaneously.[48][49]

Beginning with the release of Linux Mint 19, the KDE edition was officially discontinued; however, the KDE 17.x and 18.x releases were supported until 2019 and 2021, respectively.[44]

Cinnamon (Edge) Edition

In addition to its regular ISO images, Linux Mint sometimes provides an "edge" ISO image for its latest release. This image ships with newer components such as the kernel to be able to support the most modern hardware chipsets and devices.[50] As of Linux Mint 22 series, there are no edge editions and instead use the latest HWE kernel series if available.[51]

LMDE

The Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) uses Debian Stable as the software source base rather than Ubuntu.[52] LMDE was originally based directly on Debian's Testing branch, but it was designed to provide the same functionality and look and feel as the Ubuntu-based editions.[53] LMDE has its own package repositories.[54]

The original LMDE (now often referred to as LMDE 1) had a semi-rolling release development model, which periodically introduced 'Update Packs' (tested snapshots of Debian Testing).[53] Installing an Update Pack allowed the user to keep LMDE 1 current without having to reinstall the system every six months, as with standard Mint.[55] LMDE 2 (named Betsy) was released in 2015[56] and was based on Debian Jessie, transitioning into a fixed point release model. It received automatic updates to the latest versions of MintTools and the installed desktop environment before they were released into the main Mint edition.[22][23] LMDE 2 was available with both the MATE and Cinnamon desktop environments.[53] Unlike the Debian version it was based on, LMDE 2 remained based on sysvinit but with a 'functional logind' from systemd.[57][58]

LMDE 3 (named Cindy) completed the switch from sysvinit to systemd.[59] It was based on Debian Stretch and was released in 2018,[60] shipping as a single edition with Cinnamon.[44] The latest version of LMDE, version 7 (Gigi), based on Debian Trixie, was released on October 14, 2025. It dropped support for i386, exclusively supporting amd64.[61]

Development

Individual users and companies using the operating system act as donors,[62] sponsors,[63] and partners[64] of the distribution. Linux Mint relies on user feedback to make decisions and orient its development. The official blog often features discussions where users are asked to voice their opinion about the latest features or decisions implemented for upcoming releases. Ideas can be submitted, commented upon and rated by users via the Linux Mint Community Website.[65]

The community of Linux Mint users use Launchpad to participate in the translation of the operating system and in reporting bugs.[66]

Most development is done in Python, C and Javascript[67] and organized online using GitHub.[68]

Releases

Linux Mint does not set fixed release dates, instead publishing new versions "when ready". This approach allows for early releases if ahead of schedule or delays if critical bugs are found.[69]

Every version of Linux Mint is given a version number and code-named with a feminine first name ending in 'a' and beginning with a letter of the alphabet that increased with every major revision.[16]

In 2014, with the release of Linux Mint 17,[70] the team adopted a new release strategy, with all future versions planned to use an LTS version of Ubuntu as a base, until 2016.[71][72]

X-Apps

In 2016,[73] the Linux Mint team released the X-Apps,[74] a collection of applications that aims to work across different GTK-based desktop environments such as but not limited to Cinnamon, Budgie, Unity, MATE, and XFCE; most of these applications have a traditional user interface (UI), for example, using a menu bar instead of a header-bar.[75][76] According to the team, the integration of many applications as tied to specific environments and that was the case of a growing number of GNOME applications.

As of 2024, the Linux Mint team is in the process of transitioning development for X-Apps applications from being part of the Linux Mint development process to being a completely independent project.[77] Most of them are forks of GNOME Core Applications.

Reception

In a 2012 online poll at Lifehacker, Linux Mint was voted the second best Linux distribution, after Ubuntu, with almost 16% of the votes.[78] In October 2012 (Issue 162), Linux Format named Linux Mint the best distro for 2012.[79] In May 2013, David Hayward of TechRadar praised Linux Mint for focusing on desktop users.[80] In July 2013 (Issue 128), Linux User & Developer gave Linux Mint 15 "Olivia" a score of 5/5, stating "We haven't found a single problem with the distro... we're more than satisfied with the smooth, user-friendly experience that Linux Mint 15, and Cinnamon 1.8, provides for it to be our main distro for at least another 6 months".[81]

In 2016, reviews of Linux Mint 18 "Sarah" were somewhat mixed, with several that were quite favorable[82][83][84][85] and others critical of several specific new problems, with multiple reviews complaining about the lack of multimedia/codec support by default.[86][87] Multimedia codecs that had previously been included in the standard Mint distribution were no longer included in "Sarah", but could be loaded with a graphical application that one Ars Technica reviewer said should be obvious for new users.[83]

ZDNet Contributing Editor Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols, reviewing Linux Mint 19 and LM 19.1 in the articles "The Linux Mint desktop continues to lead the rest" in July 2018[88] and "The better-than-ever Linux desktop" in December 2018,[89] noted Mint's quality, stability, security and user-friendliness compared to other popular distributions. ZDNet's review of Linux Mint 19.2 said: "After looking at many Linux desktops year in and out, Linux Mint is the best of the breed. It's easy to learn (even if you've never used Linux before), powerful, and with its traditional windows, icons, menus, and pointers (WIMP) interface, it's simple to use."[90]

In 2024, Linux Mint 22 was released which received mostly positive reviews. Steven Vaughan-Nichol, senior contributing editor at ZD Net praised Mint's propensity to remain the same in terms of functionality.[91] The Register points to the fact that unverified Flatpak packages are now off by default and users need to explicitly enable the option to make them visible. This move has reduced the number of packages in Flathub.[92]

Release history

Linux Mint version history
Version Codename Edition Codebase Compatible repository Desktop environment Release date LTS Support end
Unsupported: 1.0 Ada Main Kubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake) KDE 27 August 2006 —N/a Unknown
Unsupported: 2.0 Barbara Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) GNOME 13 November 2006 April 2008
Unsupported: 2.1 Bea 20 December 2006
Unsupported: 2.2 Bianca 20 February 2007
Light 29 March 2007
KDE CE Kubuntu 6.10 KDE 20 April 2007
Unsupported: 3.0 Cassandra Main Bianca 2.2 Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn) GNOME 30 May 2007 October 2008
Light 15 June 2007
KDE CE Kubuntu 7.04 KDE 14 August 2007
MiniKDE CE
Xfce CE Cassandra 3.0 Xubuntu 7.04 Xfce 7 August 2007
Unsupported: 3.1 Celena Main Bianca 2.2 Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn) GNOME 24 September 2007 October 2008
Light 1 October 2007
Unsupported: 4.0 Daryna Main Celena 3.1 Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) 15 November 2007[93] April 2009
Light
KDE CE Cassandra 3.0 Kubuntu 7.10 KDE 3 March 2008
Unsupported: 5 Elyssa Main Daryna 4.0 Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) GNOME 8 June 2008 Yes April 2011
Light
x64 Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) 18 October 2008
KDE CE Daryna 4.0 Kubuntu 8.04 KDE 15 September 2008
Xfce CE Xubuntu 8.04 Xfce 8 September 2008
Fluxbox CE Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) Fluxbox 21 October 2008
Unsupported: 6 Felicia Main Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) GNOME 15 December 2008 No April 2010
Universal (Light)
x64 6 February 2009
KDE CE Elyssa 5 Kubuntu 8.10 KDE 8 April 2009
Xfce CE Xubuntu 8.10 Xubuntu 8.10 Xfce 24 February 2009
Fluxbox CE Ubuntu 8.10 Fluxbox 7 April 2009
Unsupported: 7 Gloria Main Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope) GNOME 26 May 2009 No October 2010
Universal (Light)
x64 24 June 2009
KDE CE Kubuntu 9.04 KDE 3 August 2009
Xfce CE Xubuntu 9.04 Xfce 13 September 2009
Unsupported: 8 Helena Main Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) GNOME 28 November 2009 No April 2011
Universal (Light)
Gnome x64 14 December 2009
KDE Kubuntu 9.10 KDE 6 February 2010
KDE x64 12 February 2010
Fluxbox Helena Main Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) Fluxbox
Xfce Xubuntu 9.10 Xfce 31 March 2010
LXDE Helena Main Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) LXDE
Unsupported: 9 Isadora Main Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx) GNOME 18 May 2010 Yes April 2013
Gnome x64
LXDE Lubuntu 10.04 LTS LXDE 18 July 2010
KDE Kubuntu 10.04 LTS KDE 27 July 2010
KDE x64
Xfce Xubuntu 10.04 LTS Xfce 24 August 2010
Fluxbox Lubuntu 10.04 LTS Fluxbox 6 September 2010
Unsupported: 10 Julia Main Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat) GNOME 12 November 2010 No April 2012
Gnome x64
KDE Kubuntu 10.10 KDE 23 February 2011
KDE x64
LXDE Lubuntu 10.10 LXDE 16 March 2011
Unsupported: 11 Katya Main Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) GNOME 26 May 2011 No October 2012
Gnome x64
LXDE Lubuntu 11.04 LXDE 16 August 2011
Unsupported: 12 Lisa Main Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot) GNOME 3 with MGSE[d] 26 November 2011 No April 2013
KDE Kubuntu 11.10 KDE 2 February 2012
LXDE Lubuntu 11.10 LXDE 9 March 2012
Unsupported: 13 Maya Cinnamon
MATE
Xfce
KDE
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) Cinnamon
MATE
23 May 2012 Yes April 2017
Xubuntu 12.04 LTS Xfce 21 July 2012
Kubuntu 12.04 LTS KDE 23 July 2012
Unsupported: 14 Nadia Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal) Cinnamon
MATE
20 November 2012 No May 2014
Xubuntu 12.10 Xfce 21 December 2012
Kubuntu 12.10 KDE 23 December 2012
Unsupported: 15 Olivia Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail) Cinnamon
MATE
29 May 2013[94] No January 2014
Xfce 12 July 2013[95]
KDE 21 July 2013[96]
Unsupported: 16 Petra Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander) Cinnamon
MATE
30 November 2013[97][98] No July 2014
Xfce
KDE
22 December 2013
Unsupported: 17 Qiana Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) Cinnamon
MATE
31 May 2014 Yes April 2019
KDE 23 June 2014
Xfce 26 June 2014
Unsupported: 17.1 Rebecca Cinnamon
MATE
29 November 2014[24]
KDE 8 January 2015
Xfce 11 January 2015
Unsupported: 17.2 Rafaela Cinnamon
MATE
30 June 2015
KDE
Xfce
7 August 2015
Unsupported: 17.3 Rosa Cinnamon
MATE
December 4, 2015
KDE
Xfce
January 9, 2016
Unsupported: 18 Sarah Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) Cinnamon
MATE
June 30, 2016 Yes April 2021
KDE September 9, 2016
Xfce August 2, 2016
Unsupported: 18.1 Serena Cinnamon
MATE
January 4, 2017
KDE
Xfce
January 27, 2017
Unsupported: 18.2 Sonya Cinnamon
MATE
KDE
Xfce
July 2, 2017
Unsupported: 18.3 Sylvia Cinnamon
MATE
November 27, 2017
KDE
Xfce
December 15, 2017
Unsupported: 19 Tara[99] Cinnamon
MATE
Xfce
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver) Cinnamon
MATE
Xfce
June 29, 2018 Yes April 2023
Unsupported: 19.1 Tessa[100] December 19, 2018
Unsupported: 19.2 Tina August 2, 2019
Unsupported: 19.3 Tricia December 15, 2019
Unsupported: 20 Ulyana[101] Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)
Supports only amd64 (64-bit)
27 June 2020 Yes April 2025
Unsupported: 20.1 Ulyssa[102] January 8, 2021
Unsupported: 20.2 Uma[103] July 8, 2021
Unsupported: 20.3 Una[104] January 7, 2022
Supported: 21 Vanessa[105] Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)
Supports only amd64 (64-bit)
July 31, 2022 Yes April 2027
Supported: 21.1 Vera[106] December 20, 2022
Supported: 21.2 Victoria[107] July 16, 2023
Supported: 21.3 Virginia[108] January 12, 2024
Supported: 22 Wilma[109] Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (Noble Numbat)
Supports only amd64 (64-bit)
July 25, 2024 Yes April 2029[110]
Supported: 22.1 Xia[111] January 16, 2025
Supported: 22.2 Zara[112] September 4, 2025
Latest version: 22.3 Zena[113] January 13, 2026
Legend:UnsupportedSupportedLatest versionPreview versionFuture version


Linux Mint Debian Edition version history
Version Codename ISO edition[e] Debian base Desktop environment Release date Support end
Unsupported: 1 —N/a 201403 Wheezy (Debian 7) Cinnamon
MATE
Supports both amd64 and i386
2 March 2014[114] 1 January 2017[115]
Unsupported: 2 Betsy 201503 Jessie (Debian 8) 10 April 2015[116] 1 January 2019[117]
201701 13 March 2017[118]
Unsupported: 3 Cindy 201808 Stretch (Debian 9)[119] Cinnamon
Supports both amd64 and i386
31 August 2018[120] 1 July 2020[121]
Unsupported: 4 Debbie —N/a Buster (Debian 10[122][123] 20 March 2020[124] August 2022[125]
Unsupported: 5 Elsie[104] —N/a Bullseye (Debian 11)[126] 20 March 2022[127] 1 July 2024[128]
Unsupported: 6 Faye[129] —N/a Bookworm (Debian 12) 27 September 2023[130] January 1, 2026[131]
Latest version: 7 Gigi[132] —N/a Trixie (Debian 13) Cinnamon
Supports amd64
14 October 2025[133] TBA
Legend:UnsupportedSupportedLatest versionPreview versionFuture version

See also

Notes

  1. The desktop environments Linux Mint offers has changed throughout releases of Linux Mint:
    • 1.0: KDE
    • 2.0-12: GNOME
    • 13-17.3: Cinnamon / MATE / KDE 4 / Xfce
    • 18-18.3: Cinnamon / MATE / KDE Plasma 5 / Xfce
    • 19 – present : Cinnamon / MATE / Xfce
  2. the OEM version was for manufacturers to use to pre-install Linux Mint onto devices.[28][29] This functionality is now available in the Live-ISO boot menu
  3. Also called 'Light' version.
    This version was for magazines, companies, and distributors in the United States, Japan, and countries where the legislation allows patents to apply to software and distribution of restricted technologies may require the acquisition of third-party licences.[16][28][29]
    Users now have the option of whether or not to install multimedia codecs, now downloaded from the internet, additionally, multimedia codecs can also be installed via a link on the Mint Welcome Screen any time after installation.
  4. MGSE: Mint GNOME 3 Shell Extensions (providing a desktop environment similar to GNOME 2)
  5. ISO Edition: Versions before LMDE 4 included a datecode in the bootable ISO image's filename. LMDE 2 images were issued twice; the second issue included updates to LMDE 2 up to that point.

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Further reading